Health Care Provider Groups

Assignment Components

The formal paper assignment is worth 35% of your final grade in this class. There are six parts to this developmental writing assignment. A developmental writing assignment means that there are multiple graded parts of the assignment. Breaking down such a large assignment into many component parts helps students by providing more instances of feedback throughout the semester. The six parts of the assignments are described below. Health Care Provider Groups

A. First, you must propose your topic. The formal paper must be a focused healthcare ethics topic that can be adequately addressed in a double-spaced 6-8 page paper. It cannot be a topic that has already been approved for another student. Topics must undergo an approval process before you begin your work. Approval is done on a first-come, first-approved basis. Please submit your topic request via the link provided. To save time you may want to list several topic options. The deadline for getting your topic approved is the Friday of Week 3. Gaining approval before the deadline is worth 20 points.

Here are some tips for choosing a topic:

1. A topic must be focused enough to be adequately addressed in a 6-8 page which is double-spaced.

2. Here is an example of a topic that is much too broad to be adequately addressed in a paper of this length: The Ethical Considerations of Football Concussions. Entire books are written on this topic. A more focused topic is required. For example, a topic like The Impact of Baseline Concussion Testing on the Ethics of Youth Football Participation would be much more appropriate.

B. The second part of this assignment is completing the Formal Paper Quiz. This quiz is due on Friday of Week 4. The quiz will focus on the formal paper’s instructions. This quiz is worth 10 points.

C. The third part of the assignment is identifying the stakeholders and health care provider groups that will be presented in the third and fourth parts of the Formal Papers. Completing this part of the assignment is worth 50 points. This assignment is due on the Friday of Week 6.

D. The fourth part of the assignment is submitting an annotated bibliography consisting of at least ten peer-reviewed journal articles relevant to your approved topic. This assignment is due on the Monday of Week 9. Each article should have a properly constructed reference (either in APA or AMA format – pick one and use it throughout the assignment). Following each reference, you should write a 1-2 paragraph annotation that includes an original synopsis of the article’s purpose, conclusions, salient points, and relevance to the Formal Paper assignment in a paragraph. Regarding relevance to the Formal Paper assignment, connections should be drawn to important constructs of the assignment. These constructs include ethics, healthcare, autonomy, beneficence, non-malfeasance, justice, stakeholders, and healthcare professional groups. Original writing means that the annotation is paraphrased and written in your own words. This must be submitted as a Microsoft Word document. The annotated bibliography is worth 100 points.

F. The fifth part of the assignment is completing a peer-review of two other student’s papers. Completing the peer reviews is worth 50 points. A peer-review draft (approved topics only) of your paper is due no later than Monday of Week 10. Your reviews of the other student’s papers are due by Monday of Week 11. This should not be a rough draft; rather the expectation is that you have edited this paper heavily and refined it with the assistance of the ISU Writing Center.

G. The sixth part of this assignment is submitting a final copy of your formal paper (approved topics only). The deadline for submitting this assignment is the Friday of Week 14. The final copy is worth 120 points.

Please note that this paper requires comprehensive and objective considerations of the approved topic. Be sure to propose a topic that clearly articulates an objective intent.

Technical Parameters

The Formal Paper’s technical parameters are: 1. Students are expected to complete an in-depth research paper on an approved topic from the readings pertaining to healthcare and ethics. 2. Papers MUST use 12 point font, with a 1″ header, footer, and margins. The paper must be double-spaced. 3. The Annotated Bibliography and both Papers must be computer generated using Microsoft Word. 4. The length of the paper is 6-8 pages. A reference page (or pages) is in addition to this. 5. Since the paper will be turned in electronically, there is no need to have a cover page. Please do not include an abstract. 6. At least 10 peer-reviewed journal articles must be cited and referenced. You can use either AMA or APA style. Information and examples of AMA and APA style are located on the Getting Started section of the course website. 7. The following headings are required:

A. Introduction and Background, B. Analysis of the Four Primary Ethical Principles, C. Stakeholder’s Perspectives, D. Implications for Health Care Provider Groups, E. Conclusion. 8. The grading scheme for the final copy formal paper is as follows:

Introduction and Background= 10- points Analysis of the Four Primary Ethical Principles = 20 pts Stakeholder’s Perspectives = 20 pts Implications for Health Care Provider Groups = 20 pts Conclusion = 10 pts AMA or APA Style, Free of spelling, grammar, and style errors = 15 pts References = 25 pts 9. Please remember that this paper requires comprehensive and objective considerations of the approved topic. Your opinion on the issue is not part of the formal paper assignment. 10. No more than one small quoted phrase or sentence can be used. If you opt to go this route, choose the quote carefully to make an impact. Other than that one quoted phrase or sentence, you should cite the source of the idea but use your own words.

Annotated Bibliography Checklist

Formal Paper’s Annotated Bibliography Check List

Before submitting your Formal Paper’s Annotated Bibliography, please use this checklist.

Criterion	YES	NO	Notes from the Assignment’s Instructions
Plagiarism		NO!	You should not plagiarize. This assignment requires original writing and paraphrasing.
Approved topic	YES!		The topic of the paper must be the same as the proposal
Late Submission		NO!	A progressive late penalty will be assessed if the deadline is missed. See the syllabus for details.

REFERENCES

CRITERION	YES	NO	Notes from the Assignment’s Instructions
10 PRJAs	YES!		At least 10 peer-reviewed journal articles should be included.
Correct reference format	YES!		Use either APA (a) or AMA style. Pick one and use it throughout the assignment.

ANNOTATIONS

CRITERION	YES	NO	Notes from the Assignment’s Instructions
Personal Opinions		NO!	Personal opinions are not appropriate in the annotations.
Direct Quotes		NO!	Direct quotes are not to be used in the annotations.
Appropriate Style of Writing	YES!		The annotations should be written in a formal style. Formal writing is characterized by academic tone, use of the third-person rather than first-person perspective, a clear focus, precise word choice, and efficiency, accuracy. You should avoid using clichés, intensifiers, nominalizations, and stock phrases, implied modifiers, paired synonyms, passive voice. Short, declarative sentences are easier to understand than lengthy ones. APA Style: Use parenthetical citations rather than signal phrases.
Synopsis of the Article’s Purpose included	YES!		The purpose statement if an article is typically at the beginning of the article. It is the article’s intention or objective. This information should be paraphrased.
Conclusions included	YES!		The purpose statement if an article is typically at the end of the article. It is often referred to as results. This information should be paraphrased.
Salient points included	YES!		Salient points are those that are important, and unique. This information should be paraphrased.
Relevance to ethics, healthcare, autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, justice, stakeholders, and healthcare professional groups	YES!		These are the constructs of the Formal Paper Assignment. Identifying how the reference provides evidence relating your topic to these constructs will help you organize your paper and provide fodder for how you can ensure that references are cited throughout each section of the paper. This information should be paraphrased.

Formal Paper Check List

Formal Paper Check List

You should use this check list when preparing and completing the Peer-Review Copy of your Formal Paper and the Final Copy, please use this checklist.

Criterion	YES	NO	Notes from the Assignment’s Instructions
Plagiarism		NO!	You should not plagiarize. This assignment requires original writing.
Approved topic	YES!		The topic of the paper must be the same as the proposal.
Title page		NO!	A title page should not be used. If one is there, please remove it. Also, title page information should not be placed on the initial page.
Abstract		NO!	An abstract should not be used.
Formatting parameters used	YES!		12 point font; 1” header, footer, and margins; double-spaced; computer-generated in MS Word: and no cover page or abstract.
Body of paper length 6-8 formatted pages	YES!		The length of the body of the paper should be 6-8 pages. This does not include references.
10 PRJAs cited and referenced	YES!		At least ten peer-reviewed journal articles should be cited and referenced.
Correct reference format	YES!		Use either APA (a) or AMA style. Pick one and use it throughout the assignment.
Correct citation format	YES!		Use either APA (a) or AMA style. Pick one and use it throughout the assignment.
Headings used	YES!		The following headings are required: Introduction and Background; Analysis of Four Ethical Principles; Stakeholder’s Perspectives; Implications for Multiple Health Care Professional Groups; and Conclusion.
Personal opinions		NO!	Personal opinions are not appropriate in this assignment.
Direct quotes not overused	YES!		Direct quotes are limited to one, and it must be short (<40 words). Other material should be paraphrased (placed in your own words) and properly cited.
Appropriate style of writing	YES!		The paper should be formal. Formal writing is characterized by academic tone, use of the third-person rather than first-person perspective, a clear focus, precise word choice, and efficiency, accuracy. You should avoid using clichés, intensifiers, nominalizations, and stock phrases, implied modifiers, paired synonyms, passive voice. Short, declarative sentences are easier to understand than lengthy ones. APA Style: Use parenthetical citations rather than signal phrases.
Introduction and Background is well written	YES!		Use this section of the paper to present a preliminary overview of the issue or topic. It should be richly cited with information from PRJAs.
Analysis of Four Ethical Principles is well written	YES!		The ethical principles which guide this section are autonomy, beneficence, justice, and non-malfeasance. Each of these should be well analyzed in reference to the approved topic. It should be richly cited with information from PRJAs.
Stakeholder’s Perspectives is well written	YES!		Stakeholders are people and organizations which either influence or are subject to influence for a particular influence. Their perspective is to be elaborated on robustly. Some common stakeholders include the public, patients and families, health care professionals, and sometimes lawyers. Other stakeholders may exist and are specific to the issue. It should be richly cited with information from PRJAs.
Implications for Multiple Health Care Professional Groups is well written	YES!		Implications are likely consequences of an issue or situation. Discuss the implications of the approved topic as it relates to the healthcare professional groups most likely to be involved. At least two different health care professional groups should be included in this section. It should be richly cited with information from PRJAs.
Conclusion is well written	YES!		Use this section to tie together all the parts of the paper and form a summation.
Late Submission		NO!	A progressive late penalty will be assessed if the deadline is missed. See the syllabus for details.

Explanations of the Formal Paper Sections

Introduction – Use this section of the paper to present a preliminary overview of the issue or topic. This section should contain information from your peer-reviewed journal articles and be richly cited. Analysis of the Four Primary Ethical Principles – The ethical principles which guide this section are autonomy, beneficence, justice, and non-malfeasance. Your topic should be analyzed with these four primary ethical principles. This section should contain information from your peer-reviewed journal articles and be richly cited. Stakeholder’s Perspectives – Stakeholders are people and organizations with an interest or concern in a particular issue. They likely influence or are subject to the influence of others. Some common stakeholders include the patients and their families, specific healthcare provider groups (like physicians, or nurses), hospital or clinic administrators, lawyers, a business, and healthcare organizations (like the American Heart Association). Other stakeholders may exist and are specific to the issue. This section should be richly cited with information from PRJAs.

This section should be organized with an initial paragraph that briefly identifies the stakeholders. Subsequent paragraphs should delve into the stakeholder’s perspectives.

Implications for Health Care Provider Groups – Implications are likely consequences of an issue or situation. In this section, you should discuss the implications of the issue as it relates to at least two healthcare provider groups (like physicians, nurses) who are most likely to be involved with your topic. Please note that the Health Care Provider Groups must be groups of professionals that actually provide health care to patients. Please use terms like physicians, nurses, social workers, athletic trainers, physical therapists, occupational therapists, etc. The groups you include should be the health care professions that are most consequential to your approved topic. This section should contain information from your peer-reviewed journal articles and be richly cited.

This section should be organized with an initial paragraph that briefly identifies the healthcare provider groups. Subsequent paragraphs should delve into the implications as they affect each group individually.

Conclusion – Use this section to tie together all the parts of the paper and form a summation.

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Reminder about Peer Reviewed Journal Articles

Peer-reviewed articles (PRJA) are a subset of scholarly articles. They are special because they are published in academic journals that explicitly state that submitted manuscripts will undergo peer-review.

In academic publishing, the goal of peer review is to assess the quality of articles submitted for publication in a scholarly journal. Before an article is deemed appropriate to be published in a peer-reviewed journal, it must undergo the following process:

· The author of the article must submit it to the journal editor who forwards the article to experts in the field. Because the reviewers specialize in the same scholarly area as the author, they are considered the author’s peers (hence “peer review”).

· These impartial reviewers are charged with carefully evaluating the quality of the submitted manuscript.

· The peer reviewers check the manuscript for accuracy and assess the validity of the research methodology and procedures.

· If appropriate, they suggest revisions. If they find the article lacking in scholarly validity and rigor, they reject it.

· Because a peer-reviewed journal will not publish articles that fail to meet the standards established for a given discipline, peer-reviewed articles that are accepted for publication exemplify the best research practices in a field. PRJAs do not come from magazines or newspapers. Magazine and newspaper articles sometimes identify peer-reviewed journal articles, so it is possible to use them in order to find a peer-reviewed journal article. A published journal is the entity that defines whether or not its articles are peer-reviewed. Another word that is a synonym of peer-review is refereed. Once you find an article that appears to support your response, you should check with the journal to determine if it is peer-reviewed or not. Virtually all journals will have a website.

· Let’s say that you have articles from 3 periodicals that appear to support your response. They are The Journal of the American Medical Association, Nature, and The New York Times. Take a moment and review these websites, remembering that if a journal does not state that it is peer-reviewed, it is not.

· Upon reviewing the websites, you will see that both JAMA and Nature are peer-reviewed, but the New Your Times is not.