Pituitary and Thyroid Disorders & Respiratory Disorders

DIRECTIONS: .Completing the table, list the causative agent for the disease

Disease	Organism(s)
Community-acquired pneumonia
Tuberculosis
Rhinitis
Tonsillitis
Laryngitis
Pharyngitis
Acute bronchitis
Hospital-acquired pneumonia
Epiglottitis
Acute sinusitis

Pituitary and Thyroid Disorders & Respiratory Disorders Student Handout for Worst-Case Scenarios: Respiratory Disorders

DIRECTIONS: Complete the complications associated with each of the diseases listed below

Disease	Worst Case
Community-acquired pneumonia
Tuberculosis
Rhinitis
Tonsillitis
Laryngitis
Pharyngitis
Acute bronchitis
Hospital-acquired pneumonia
Epiglottitis
Acute sinusitis

Pituitary and Thyroid Disorders & Respiratory Disorders Student Handout for Case Study: Obstructive Pulmonary Disorders

DIRECTIONS: Discuss the following patient scenarios and what you would expect with each. Record your answers below.

Barbara is 61 years old and has been smoking since she was 22 years old. Despite numerous attempts, she has been unable to break her pack-a-day habit. During her annual examination at her physician’s office, Barbara reports being “constantly out of breath” and tired. She is wheezing slightly and states this is because she has recently been fighting a cold. On assessment, her physician notes several symptoms, including clubbing of the fingers. Barbara has a barrel-shaped chest, breathes with pursed lips, and uses accessory muscles to breathe. She has difficulty catching her breath while speaking. Inspection reveals peripheral edema. Vital signs include a heart rate of 82 beats per minute and respiratory rate of 12 breaths per minute. Oxygen saturation is 82%. Spirometry results show reduced vital lung capacity and reduced forced vital capacity. Pituitary and Thyroid Disorders & Respiratory Disorders

What may explain the clubbing of Barbara’s fingers?
Is Barbara’s oxygen saturation value normal?
Why has Barbara developed a barrel-shaped appearance to her chest?
Why is Barbara using pursed-lip breathing?
What is the significance of the spirometry test results?
Given Barbara’s pulmonary issues, why may she have developed peripheral edema?

Student Handout for Knowledge : Pituitary and Thyroid Disorders & Respiratory Disorders

DIRECTIONS Name the specific disorders, describe the signs and symptoms, and summarize treatment for each of the endocrine dysfunctions listed.

Dysfunction	Specific Related Disorders	Signs and Symptoms	Treatment
Hypopituitarism— posterior pituitary
Hyperpituitarism— posterior pituitary
Hypothyroidism
Hyperthyroidism
Hypopituitarism— anterior pituitary
Hyperpituitarism— anterior pituitary

Pituitary and Thyroid Disorders & Respiratory Disorders DIRECTIONS: Complete the following activity based on the case Study

Recent weight gain and fatigue have caused Tammy, a 48-year-old woman, to seek medical help. She states that she has always been in good shape and maintained her weight, but she has gained 15 pounds in the past 3 months. She tells you that she even feels too tired to exercise, something she did daily in the past. It is not only the weight gain that is bothering Tammy. She feels her body is “changing.” Her face has a more rounded appearance than when you saw her previously. Interscapular fat deposition is also apparent. Striae have appeared on her abdomen, breasts, and arms. Tammy also complains of slower than normal wound healing. She reports more facial hair, and she feels as if her voice is deepening. At first, Tammy thought some of the changes may be due to menopause, because her menstrual periods were less frequent. Now, she is not so sure. Vital signs and blood laboratory results reveal Tammy has elevated blood pressure, serum glucose, and cortisol. Cortisol levels are five times higher than normal. Pituitary and Thyroid Disorders & Respiratory Disorders

ACTH and CRF levels are undetectable.

What condition do you suspect Tammy has?
What led you to this conclusion?
Explain how her condition causes each of her signs and
In addition to blood tests, what other diagnostic tests may be ordered for Tammy’s condition?
What is the treatment course for Tammy’s condition?
If Tammy’s laboratory levels had revealed elevated cortisol and elevated ACTH, how would this have altered the diagnosis

DIRECTIONS: Read each of the following patient questions. Determine the topics that should be discussed in response to each question and frame a response for each.

Patient Questions

A 10-year old girl recently diagnosed with T1DM asks, “Why do I have to have insulin shots while my grandpa gets to take pills and he has diabetes?”
A man who was diagnosed with T2DM wants to know, “Why do I have to check my blood glucose so many times a day?”
Parents of a child recently diagnosed with T1DM want to know, “What are the most important things we can do with diet and activity to help our child with blood glucose regulation?”
A high school teenager with T1DM asks, “Why can’t I just eat whatever I want, when I want, like everyone else?”
A 50-year old woman worries she may be developing T2DM because it runs in her She asks, “What tests can be done to see if I have diabetes?”
The wife of a man with T2DM that is poorly controlled with oral antidiabetic agents asks, “Why is insulin being considered as a therapy for his diabetes? Why are the medications not working?”

DIRECTIONS: Review the following questions on the diagnosis and management of diabetes mellitus and write a comprehensive response for each.

What are the causes of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus?
Why are the following important in diabetes diagnosis and management: A1c values, postprandial glucose values, and oral glucose tolerance test?
Name three difference in the management of type 1 and type 2

DIRECTIONS: Identify the short-term complications indicated by the different sets of assessment findings and laboratory results.

DIRECTIONS: Provide an explanation of the underlying pathological processes for each item listed and why they occur. Pituitary and Thyroid Disorders & Respiratory Disorders

Systemic Complications of Diabetes Pituitary and Thyroid Disorders & Respiratory Disorders

DIRECTIONS: For each body system, follow the progression of the “worst case scenario” of this system being affected by diabetes mellitus.

Body System	“Worst Case Scenario”
Cerebrovascular
Vision
Renal
Cardiac
Arterial
Peripheral nervous system
Peripheral vascular
Immune
Psychological/emotional
Reproductive
Autonomic nervous system
Skin

DIRECTIONS: Use the provided list of disorders to identify the disease present in each of the brief patient descriptions located below.

Word Bank: Pituitary and Thyroid Disorders & Respiratory Disorders

acute glomerulonephritis acute kidney injury chronic renal failure Goodpasture’s syndrome nephrotic syndrome nephrolithiasis polycystic kidney disease pyelonephritis

Laboratory results show high anti-glomerular antibody Plasmapheresis is recommended.

Disorder:

Patient with hypertension and diabetes mellitus presents with periorbital Diagnostic tests show hyperlipidemia and albuminuria. Treatment plan includes low sodium diet and increase in fluid intake while taking a diuretic.

Disorder:

Patient with recent streptococcal infection presents with swollen Diagnostic tests reveal hematuria and proteinuria.

Disorder:

Blood tests reveal hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, and low Serum Cr is extremely elevated with a significantly reduced GFR. Urinalysis reveal proteinuria. Blood tests reveal no renal or glomerular antibodies. Dialysis is recommended and patient added to kidney transplant list.

Disorder:

Patient present with costovertebral angle pain and Chills, fever, dysuria and increased frequency of urination are patient symptoms.

Disorder:

Patient has diagnosed renal genetic disorder. Presents with mid-back pain and blood in Ultrasound reveals kidneys with prominent cysts.

Disorder:

CVA pain is reason for patient seeking medical Urinalysis reveals blood and crystals. Pain medication given, as well as recommendation to increase fluid intake to 3 L per day. Urine should be strained.

Disorder:

ICU patient with severe sepsis. Blood and urine tests reveal elevated BUN and Cr, along with edema in If sepsis is controlled, kidney issue will likely be reversed.

Disorder: